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Product name: Neochebulagic acid
Synonym name:
Catalogue No.: BP2054
Cas No.: 28196-46-5
Formula: C41H32O28
Mol Weight: 972.679
Botanical Source: Chebulae Fructus
Physical Description:
Type of Compound: Phenols
Purity: 95%~99%
Analysis Method: HPLC-DAD or/and HPLC-ELSD
Identification Method: Mass, NMR
Packing: Brown vial or HDPE plastic bottle
Storage: Store in a well closed container, protected from air and light. Put into refrigerate or freeze for long term storage.
Whenever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20℃. Generally, these will be useable for up to two weeks.
The product could be supplied from milligrams to grams
Inquire for bulk scale.
For Reference Standard and R&D, Not for Human Use Directly.
HPLC of Neochebulagic acid
Storage conditions：Short-term storage at 2~8℃, long-term storage at -20 ~ -80℃
478.3200
.4987
.4989
.1953
.7636
.2607
Low
82.5140
7.0372
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
0.6
Yes
No
Yes
No
Neochebulagic acid is a natural product derived from the traditional medicinal plant Phyllanthus emblica L. and is an important member of the polyphenolic compounds. In recent years, with the rapid development of natural product pharmacology, neohalylic acid has attracted widespread attention due to its unique chemical structure and significant biological activity, especially its potential in the antitumor field. Colorectal cancer (CRC), as one of the malignant tumors with high incidence and mortality rates worldwide, still faces many challenges in its treatment. Multi-target therapeutic strategies for colorectal cancer have become a research hotspot, and neoprolylic acid demonstrates good activity in regulating various CRC-related molecular targets, demonstrating its value as a potential drug candidate.
This paper aims to systematically review the chemical structure and physicochemical properties, plant origin and extraction methods, pharmacological activity, and mechanism of action of neoprolylic acid. Combining its druggability parameters and pharmacokinetic characteristics, it explores its application prospects in colorectal cancer treatment, providing theoretical basis and reference for subsequent drug development and clinical research.
Neoprolyric acid has the molecular formula C48H40O24 and a molecular weight of 972.6790, classifying it as a high molecular weight polyphenolic compound. Its structural features include the presence of multiple phenolic hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, endowing it with strong antioxidant capacity and potential for binding to protein targets. The compound had a LogP value of 0.4987, indicating a good balance of hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, which is beneficial for distribution and targeting in vivo.
The neoprolyric acid has a polar surface area (TPSA) as high as 478.3200, reflecting its strong molecular polarity, which may affect its membrane permeability and bioavailability. Its water solubility is 0.1953, indicating a relatively low solubility in water, which poses certain challenges for formulation development. The low permeability of the blood-brain barrier suggests limited role in the central nervous system, but this may also reduce the risk of CNS toxicity. The hERG channel inhibition test results were negative, indicating a low cardiotoxicity risk of neoprolylate. The Ames test result was 0.6, indicating a low genotoxicity risk and meeting safety requirements.
The chemical structure of polyphenol hydroxyl groups and ester bonds provides the basis for its interactions with various biological targets, while also affecting its metabolic stability in vivo and the duration of its efficacy.
Neoprolyric acid is mainly isolated from Phyllanthus emblica L., a plant widely used in traditional Chinese medicine, with multiple effects such as clearing heat and detoxifying, moistening the lungs and relieving cough, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Amlase fruit is rich in various phenolic compounds, among which neoprolylic acid is one of the important active components, with high levels and bioactivity.
Common methods for extracting neohalylite acid include solvent extraction, liquid-liquid distribution, column chromatography, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) purification. Generally, ethanol or methanol is used as the extraction solvent, combined with ultrasound-assisted extraction or reflux extraction techniques to improve extraction efficiency. Subsequently, silica gel column chromatography or C18 inverted phase column separation and purification are performed, and finally qualitative and quantitative analyses are performed using HPLC.
In recent years, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) technologies have also been applied to the extraction of neohalyliteic acid, significantly improving extraction efficiency and purity, reducing solvent usage and environmental pollution, and aligning with the concept of green chemistry.
Neoprolyric acid exhibits significant pharmacological activity in various in vitro and in vivo models, with widely reported anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects.
Colorectal cancer is a key focus in neoprorelit acid research. In vitro cell experiments showed that neoprolytic acid can significantly inhibit the proliferation of CRC cell lines, inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Its anti-tumor effects are closely related to the regulation of multiple signaling pathways, including AMPK activation, regulation of BCL2 family proteins, and inhibition of STAT3 signaling.
Animal model studies further confirm that neoprolylic acid can reduce tumor volume, inhibit tumor metastasis, improve the tumor microenvironment, and enhance immune response. Additionally, neoprolyric acid inhibits multidrug resistance-related proteins ABCB1 and ABCG2, helping to reverse resistance and enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy drugs.
Neoprolyric acid enhances cellular antioxidant defenses by activating the NFE2L2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway, reducing oxidative stress damage. Its anti-inflammatory effect involves inhibiting the release of inflammatory mediators and regulating inflammatory signaling pathways, reducing tissue inflammatory responses, which indirectly inhibits tumor development and development.
In addition to antitumor and anti-inflammatory effects, neoprolytic acid also shows potential to regulate SIRT1 activity and influence the protein kinase Cβ (PRKCB) signaling pathway, which may involve cellular metabolic regulation and apoptosis mechanisms, offering potential value in the treatment of various diseases.
The pharmacological activity of neoprorelitic acid is based on its regulation of various key molecular targets. The specific mechanism is as follows:
AMPK acts as a regulator of cellular energy metabolism and plays a crucial role in the metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells. Neoprolyric acid activates AMPK, inhibits the mTOR signaling pathway, induces autophagy and apoptosis, and suppresses tumor cell proliferation and survival.
By downregulating the anti-apoptotic protein BCL2, neoprolytic acid promotes mitochondrial pathway cell apoptosis, enhancing tumor cells' sensitivity to apoptosis signals.
STAT3 plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, immune evasion, and inflammatory responses. Neopralic acid inhibits STAT3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, blocking its transcriptional activity and reducing the expression of tumor-promoting genes.
Neoprolyric acid inhibits the function of multidrug resistance-related transporters ABCB1 and ABCG2, reduces drug efflux, reverses tumor cell resistance, and enhances intracellular accumulation of chemotherapy drugs.
By inhibiting the expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinase MMP2, neohalyloc acid blocks tumor cell invasion and metastasis.
Neoprolyric acid activates the Nrf2 signaling pathway, promotes antioxidant enzyme expression, alleviates oxidative stress damage, protects normal cells, and inhibits pro-inflammatory responses in the tumor microenvironment.
Neoprolyric acid has a certain inhibitory effect on topoisomerase I (TOP1), interferes with DNA replication and transcription processes, and induces tumor cell death.
By regulating the activity of the deacetylating enzyme SIRT1, neoprolytic acid affects cell metabolism, apoptosis, and stress responses, promoting tumor cell apoptosis.
The regulatory effect of neoprolyric acid on protein kinase Cβ (PRKCB) involves cellular signal transduction and metabolic balance, further affecting tumor cell growth and survival.
In summary, neoprorelita acid exerts its comprehensive anti-colorectal cancer effect through synergistic effects across multiple targets and pathways, demonstrating the advantages of multi-target treatment of natural products.
The druggability parameters of neoprorelitic acid indicate certain development potential, but there are also challenges.
With a molecular weight close to 1000 Da, the larger molecular weight may limit its oral absorption and ability to penetrate cell membranes. A high TPSA value indicates high molecular polarity, which may affect the permeability of biofilms and reduce bioavailability. A moderate LogP value suggests that it has a certain distribution capability in the body.
hERG channel inhibition is negative, and Ames tests have low mutagenicity, indicating low risk of neoprolytic acid cardiotoxicity and genotoxicity, and good safety.
Currently, pharmacokinetic research on neoprolyric acid is relatively limited. Its low water solubility may affect oral absorption. The low permeability of the blood-brain barrier suggests its effect is mainly limited to peripheral tissues. In the future, systematic ADME (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion) studies are needed to clarify its metabolic pathways and half-life in vivo, providing a basis for dosage formulation design and administration regimens.
Given the regulatory effects of neoprolyric acid on various enzymes and transporters, attention should be paid to its risk of interactions with other drugs, especially in combination chemotherapy.
As a multi-target, multifunctional natural product, neoprolyric acid demonstrates promising anti-colorectal cancer potential and has broad clinical application prospects.
Combined with its inhibitory effect on multidrug resistance proteins, neoprolylic acid can be used as an adjunct drug in combination with existing chemotherapy drugs to enhance efficacy, overcome resistance, and reduce chemotherapy dosage and side effects.
By regulating inflammation and oxidative stress in the tumor microenvironment, neoprolylic acid is expected to improve patients' quality of life and slow tumor progression.
In response to its physicochemical properties, future strategies such as structural modification and nanocarrier encapsulation can be used to improve bioavailability and targeting, and oral or injectable formulations can be developed to enhance clinical applicability.
Currently, clinical research on neoprolylic acid is still in its early stages, urgently requiring systematic clinical trials on pharmacodynamics, safety, and pharmacokinetics, clarifying its effective dosage and therapeutic window, and promoting its clinical application.
As an important active ingredient in Phyllanthus emblica L., neoprolyric acid demonstrates significant potential in colorectal cancer prevention and treatment due to its unique chemical structure and multi-target regulatory capabilities. By modulating key molecular targets such as AMPK, BCL2, STAT3, ABCB1/ABCG2, MMP2, NFE2L2, TOP1, SIRT1, and PRKCB, it exerts comprehensive anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects, demonstrating the advantages of multi-target synergistic treatment of natural products.
Although neoprolyric acid exhibits good pharmacological activity in vitro and animal models, its high molecular weight and polarity pose challenges to pharmacokinetic performance that require improvements in drug design and formulation. Future systematic clinical research and mechanism exploration will provide a solid foundation for drug development.
In summary, neoprorelitic acid, as a natural product with broad application prospects, is worthy of in-depth research and development in the treatment of colorectal cancer and related diseases, and is expected to become an important candidate for the next generation of multi-target anti-tumor drugs.
Shenshuai
Wenjing
Hedandan
