Product name: 5-O-Methyl-myo-inositol
Synonym name: Sequoyit；Inositol, 5-O-methyl-, myo- (8CI); Sequoyitol (6CI,7CI);
Catalogue No.: BP4097
Cas No.: 523-92-2
Formula: C₇H₁₄O₆
Mol Weight: 194.183
Botanical Source:
Physical Description:
Type of Compound:

Purity: 95%~99%
Analysis Method: HPLC-DAD or/and HPLC-ELSD
Identification Method: Mass, NMR
Packing: Brown vial or HDPE plastic bottle

Storage: Store in a well closed container, protected from air and light. Put into refrigerate or freeze for long term storage.
Whenever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20℃. Generally, these will be useable for up to two weeks.

The product could be supplied from milligrams to grams
Inquire for bulk scale.

For Reference Standard and R&D, Not for Human Use Directly.

HPLC of 5-O-Methyl-myo-inositol

NMR of 5-O-Methyl-myo-inositol

Storage conditions：Short-term storage at 2~8℃, long-term storage at -20 ~ -80℃

Introduction/Overview

Sequol (5-O-Methyl-myo-inositol, CAS No.: 523-92-2) is a naturally occurring methylinositol compound, a derivative of cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol. Its structural feature is that the hydroxyl group is replaced by a methoxy group at position 6, forming a unique 1D-5-O-methyl-inositol stereoisomer (1R,2S,3r,4R,5S,6R). As a plant metabolite, taxel has been found in multiple plant species, showing important biological functions and potential pharmacological activity. In recent years, with the deepening of pharmacological research on natural products, setaxel has gradually become a hot topic in natural antioxidant research due to its remarkable antioxidant properties and its ability to regulate multiple key molecular targets.

This paper aims to systematically review the chemical structure and physicochemical properties of taxel, plant origins and extraction methods, explore its pharmacological activity and mechanism of action in depth, evaluate its druggability and pharmacokinetic characteristics, and finally look ahead to its potential for clinical application and future research directions, providing theoretical basis and research reference for the field of natural product pharmacology.

Chemical structure and physicochemical properties

Sequollet has a molecular formula of C7H14O6 and a molecular weight of 194.1830, belonging to the methylinositol compound. Its core structure is the inositol ring (cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol), where the hydroxyl group at position 6 is replaced by a methoxy group (-OCH3) to form 5-O-methylinositol. This molecule has five of its six hydroxyl groups that remain in a free hydroxyl state, giving it strong hydrophilicity and the typical characteristics of polyhydroxy compounds.

In terms of physicochemical properties, the LogP value of sequollet alcohol was -2.0650, indicating high hydrophilicity, with water solubility reaching 378.4177 mg/mL, indicating superior solubility in the aqueous phase. The topological pole surface area (TPSA) is 110.3800 Ų, indicating that its molecules have a large number of polar groups, which facilitate hydrogen bonding and polar interactions with biological macromolecules. The blood-brain barrier has low permeability, limiting its direct effect in the central nervous system. The hERG channel inhibition test was negative, indicating a low risk of cardiotoxicity. The Ames mutagenic test was 0.0, indicating an extremely low genotoxicity risk.

In summary, the physicochemical properties of taxel determine its good water solubility and safety, laying the foundation for its role as a drug candidate molecule.

Plant Origins and Extraction Methods

As a natural product, sequol, is widely found in various plants, especially certain species in the redwood family and other higher plants. Its biosynthetic pathway mainly involves methylation modification of inositol, which serves as an important metabolite for plants to respond to environmental stresses and regulate cellular signaling.

Currently, the extraction of taxane alcohol mainly relies on water extraction or alcohol extraction methods from plant tissues. Typical extraction processes include:

1. Sample preparation: Select plant parts rich in sequol-rich (such as leaves, bark, or seeds), dry and crush for later use.
2. Solvent extraction: Extraction is carried out using water or aqueous solutions containing a certain proportion of methanol, with ultrasound-assisted or reflux extraction enhanced efficiency.
3. Crude extract concentration: Extract is concentrated by rotary evaporation to remove solvents.
4. Purification separation: Separating and purifying sequoiferol by combining column chromatography (such as silica gel columns, C18 reversed-phase columns) or high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) techniques.
5. Identification and quantification: Structure confirmation is confirmed using mass spectrometry (MS), nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMR), and infrared spectroscopy (IR), and content is determined by HPLC-UV or HPLC-MS.

In recent years, green extraction technologies such as supercritical fluid extraction and microwave-assisted extraction have also been attempted to be applied to the extraction of setaxel to improve extraction efficiency and environmental friendliness.

Pharmacological activity research

Research on the pharmacological activity of sestaxel mainly focuses on its antioxidant capacity and related cell-protective effects. As a polyhydroxymethylinositol compound, setaxel can effectively eliminate free radicals and reduce cellular damage caused by oxidative stress.

Antioxidant activity

Multiple in vitro experiments have shown that sequols can significantly enhance the activity of intracellular antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD1, SOD2), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX1), promoting the clearance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reducing lipid peroxidation levels. Additionally, setaxel can induce the expression of hemoglobin oxygenase 1 (HMOX1), further strengthening the cell's antioxidant defense system.

Anti-inflammatory and cell protection

Sequolitol regulates matrix metalloproteinase (MMP1, MMP3) activity, inhibits the release of inflammatory mediators, reduces tissue damage, and demonstrates potential anti-inflammatory effects. Its activation of the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2/NRF2) signaling pathway is a key mechanism for its cytoprotective effects. NRF2, as the main transcription factor for antioxidant responses within cells, regulates the expression of various antioxidant enzyme genes. Setaxel enhances cellular adaptability to oxidative stress by promoting NRF2 nuclear translocation.

Other potential activities

Although current research on sequols mainly focuses on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, its structural characteristics suggest potential activity in regulating glucose metabolism and cell signaling, and future research is expected to further expand its pharmacological functions.

Mechanism of action and molecular targets

The mechanism of action of setaxel mainly revolves around its regulation of several key antioxidant and cell-protective targets:

• TYR (tyrosinase): Sequols may influence melanin production and redox balance by regulating TYR activity.
• MMP1 and MMP3 (matrix metalloproteinases): By inhibiting the overexpression of MMPs, sequols slow down extracellular matrix degradation and protect tissue structural integrity.
• NFE2L2/NRF2: Sequols promote NRF2 activation and nuclear translocation, enhancing antioxidant gene expression and improving cellular antioxidant capacity.
• SOD1, SOD2 (superoxide dismutase), CAT (catalase), GPX1 (glutathione peroxidase): Sequols enhance the expression and activity of these antioxidant enzymes, promoting ROS clearance.
• HMOX1 (Heme Oxygenase 1): Its induction helps reduce oxidative damage and inflammatory responses.

Through multi-target coordinated regulation, sequols effectively alleviate cell damage caused by oxidative stress and exert protective effects. Additionally, the regulation of signaling pathways by sequols may involve inflammation-related pathways such as MAPK and NF-κB, enhancing their anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective effects.

Druggability evaluation and pharmacokinetics

The druggability parameters of stritaxel indicate that it has good safety and drug development potential:

• The molecular weight (194.1830) falls within the ideal range for small molecule drugs, facilitating absorption and distribution in the body.
• The LogP value (-2.0650) indicates strong hydrophilicity, suitable for water-soluble formulation development, but may limit its cell membrane penetration ability.
• TPSA (110.38 Ų) suggests high polarity, which may affect oral bioavailability and blood-brain barrier permeability.
• Superior water solubility (378.4177 mg/mL), which is beneficial for formulation design and intra-body delivery.
• The low permeability of the blood-brain barrier limits its direct application in central nervous system diseases.
• hERG channel inhibition negative, reducing the risk of cardiotoxicity.
• A negative Ames test indicates an extremely low risk of genotoxicity.

Currently, pharmacokinetic research on setaxel is relatively limited, but its high water solubility and low lipid solubility suggest that oral absorption may be limited, requiring pharmacological optimization of absorption and bioavailability. In addition, the metabolic pathway, half-life, and excretion mechanism of sescarol in the body still require systematic study.

Prospects and outlooks for clinical applications

With its remarkable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, sequol shows potential application value in various diseases related to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is a key pathogenesis in cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, tumors, and other chronic diseases. By regulating multi-target antioxidant pathways, taxel, is expected to become a new type of natural antioxidant.

The future clinical application prospects mainly include:

• Chronic inflammatory diseases: By inhibiting MMPs and inflammatory mediators, sequol may slow tissue damage and fibrosis.
• Metabolic syndrome and diabetes: Its ability to regulate redox balance helps improve insulin resistance and blood sugar control.
• Skin protection and anti-aging: Its antioxidant properties support its application in cosmetics and skin disease treatment.
• Neuroprotection: Although the blood-brain barrier has low permeability, through structural modification or nanocarrier technology, setaxel holds promise for adjunctive treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

Moreover, the safety and low toxicity of sescarol provide a solid foundation for its clinical development. Future research should focus on its in vivo pharmacokinetic characteristics, formulation optimization, and preclinical animal model validation to promote its clinical translation.

Conclusion

Sequol, a natural methylinositol compound, shows broad research and application prospects in antioxidant and cell protection fields due to its unique chemical structure and excellent physicochemical properties. Its multi-target regulatory mechanism offers new perspectives for understanding the role of natural antioxidants. Although research into its pharmacokinetics and clinical applications is still in its early stages, its good safety and significant bioactivity lay a solid foundation for future drug development.

With the continuous development of natural product pharmacology, sestaxel is expected to become an important member of the natural antioxidant lineup, offering new strategies for the prevention and treatment of related diseases. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen mechanistic research, formulation development, and preclinical evaluation to promote its advancement toward clinical application and benefit human health.