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Product name: 8-Gingerol
Synonym name:
Catalogue No.: BP0108
Cas No.: 23513-08-8
Formula: C19H30O4
Mol Weight: 322.445
Botanical Source: ginger (Zingiber officinale)
Physical Description: Powder
Type of Compound: Phenols
Purity: 95%~99%
Analysis Method: HPLC-DAD or/and HPLC-ELSD
Identification Method: Mass, NMR
Packing: Brown vial or HDPE plastic bottle
Storage: Store in a well closed container, protected from air and light. Put into refrigerate or freeze for long term storage.
Whenever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20℃. Generally, these will be useable for up to two weeks.
The product could be supplied from milligrams to grams, up to kilograms
Inquire for bulk scale.
Descriptions:
8-Gingerol is one of the principal components of ginger, which is widely used in China and elsewhere as a food, spice and herb, shows immunosuppressive activity on the immune responses to ovalbumin (OVA) in mice, 8-gingerol suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and concanavalin A (ConA)-stimulated splenocyte proliferation in vitro. [1]
8-Gingerol suppresses cellular tyrosinase activity and decrease melanin content, inhibits the expression of MC1R, MITF, tyrosinase, TRP1 and TRP2, decreases intracellular RS and ROS levels in B16F10 and B16F1 cells, inhibits melanogenesis by down-regulation of MAPK, PKA signaling pathway; it could be used as an effective skin-whitening agent.[2]
8-Gingerol has inhibition of T lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine synthesis.[3]
8-Gingerol has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.[4]
References:
[1] Lu J, Guan S, Shen X, et al. Molecules, 2011, 16(3):2636-45.
[2] Huang H C, Chou Y C, Wu C Y, et al. Biochem Biophyl Res Co, 2013, 438(2):375-81.
[3] Bernard M, Furlong S J, Coombs M R P, et al. Phytother Res, 2015, 29(11):1707–13.
[4] Dugasani S, Pichika M R, Nadarajah V D, et al. J Ethnopharmacol, 2009, 127(2):515-20.
[5] Bensoussan A, Lee S, Khoo C, et al. J Aoac Int, 2007,90(5):1219-26.
HPLC of 8-Gingerol
HNMR of 8-Gingerol
Storage conditions：Short-term storage at 2~8℃, long-term storage at -20 ~ -80℃
66.7600
4.2600
4.1500
Low
.7500
null
No
No
No
No
No
No
null
8-Gingerol, as one of the important active ingredients in ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), has attracted significant attention in recent years due to its diverse bioactivity and potential clinical applications. As a traditional Chinese medicine and seasoning spice, ginger is widely used in Asia and even worldwide, with pharmacological effects covering anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-tumor, immunomodulatory, and cardiovascular protection. 8-Gingerol, as a typical class of phenolic and β-hydroxyketone compounds in ginger, exhibits a unique molecular structure and multi-target mechanism, making it a hot topic in natural product pharmacology research.
This paper aims to systematically review the chemical structure and physicochemical properties, plant origin, and extraction methods of 8-gingerol, delve into its pharmacological activity and mechanism of action, evaluate its druggability and pharmacokinetic characteristics, and anticipate its clinical application potential in cancer, infection, immunosuppression, and cardiovascular diseases. By integrating the latest research progress, it is hoped to provide theoretical basis and research directions for the drug development and clinical translation of 8-gingerol.
8-Gingerol (CAS No.: 23513-08-8), chemically named (5S)-5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)octanone, belongs to the monomethoxyphenol and β-hydroxy ketone compounds. Its molecular formula is C17H26O4, with a molecular weight of 322.44 g/mol. The structural features of 8-gingerol include a benzene ring with methoxy and hydroxyl substitutions, and a long-chain fat side chain containing hydroxyl and ketone groups. This structure gives it good lipid solubility and certain polarity.
In terms of physicochemical properties, the LogP value of 8-gingerol is about 4.26, indicating high lipid solubility, which facilitates its penetration through cell membranes. The polar surface area (TPSA) is 66.76 Ų, and the number of hydrogen bond acceptors is 4, indicating its potential for intermolecular hydrogen bond formation. 8-Scavengol has a low blood-brain barrier penetration capacity, suggesting limited direct impact on the central nervous system. Toxicity assessment showed no significant hepatotoxicity or cardiotoxicity, and did not inhibit hERG channels. Ames-induced mutagenic tests were negative, demonstrating good safety and drug potential.
8-Scavengol is mainly found in the rhizome of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) and is an important class of ginger phenol compounds. As a traditional medicinal plant, ginger is widely distributed in China, India, Japan, and Southeast Asia. Its rhizomes contain various gingerol and gingerone compounds, with 8-gingerol being one of the most abundant and highly active components.
There are various methods for extracting 8-gingerol; traditional methods include solvent extraction, supercritical CO2 extraction, and liquid chromatography separation. Common solvents include ethanol, methanol, and ethyl acetate, which can effectively extract their fat-soluble components. Modern extraction technologies such as ultrasound-assisted extraction and microwave-assisted extraction have significantly improved extraction efficiency and purity. After extraction, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with mass spectrometry (MS) is typically used for qualitative and quantitative analysis to ensure the purity and active ingredient content of 8-gingerol.
8-Gingerol has significant antioxidant activity, effectively scavenging free radicals, lowering intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive sulfur (RS) levels, and protecting cells from oxidative stress damage. Its anti-inflammatory effects mainly manifest as inhibiting the expression and activity of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), reducing the release of inflammatory mediators and thereby alleviating inflammatory responses. In vitro experiments have shown that 8-gingerol can inhibit the production of inflammatory factors by macrophages and other immune cells, while in vivo models show a relief effect on inflammation symptoms.
8-Scavengol exerts immunosuppressive effects by inducing cell cycle arrest, promoting apoptosis, and regulating autophagy. Its regulation of immune cell function helps alleviate excessive immune responses and holds potential value in treating autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Additionally, 8-gingerol can regulate various signaling pathways, influencing the proliferation and differentiation of immune cells, exhibiting complex immunomodulatory functions.
8-Scavengol exhibits the ability to inhibit proliferation, migration, and invasion across various tumor cell lines. Its anti-cancer mechanism involves inhibiting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its downstream STAT3 and ERK signaling pathways, inducing cancer cell apoptosis and blocking the cell cycle progression. Especially in colon cancer cells, 8-gingerol significantly inhibits tumor growth, suggesting its potential as an anticancer drug. Additionally, 8-gingerol enhances tumor cells' sensitivity to treatment by reducing oxidative stress and regulating cellular autophagy.
8-Gingerol can inhibit melanin production, mainly by suppressing tyrosinase activity and the expression of related genes (MC1R, MITF, TRP1, TRP2), thereby reducing ROS levels in B16F10 and B16F1 melanocytes. Its mechanism involves downregulating the MAPK and protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathways, thereby inhibiting melanin synthesis. This characteristic gives it promising applications in skin whitening and anti-pigmentation fields.
8-Szgaolol exhibits in vitro inhibitory effects on Helicobacter pylori, suggesting its potential application value in the treatment of gastrointestinal infections. Its antimicrobial mechanism may be related to disrupting bacterial cell membrane structures and inhibiting key enzyme activities.
8-Gingerol exerts cardioprotective effects by antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and regulating myocardial cell signaling pathways. Research shows that 8-gingerol can alleviate myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, improve cardiac function, and lower myocardial cell apoptosis rates, offering potential value in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
8-Sgingerol has diverse mechanisms of action, involving multiple signaling pathways and molecular targets:
Additionally, the potential regulatory role of 8-gingerol in hyperglycemia-related targets (such as EHMT2, UBP2, PAI1, AMPK, SGLT2, GCK, APP, BACE1, CES1, PTPN1) suggests its research value in the field of metabolic diseases.
The druggability parameters of 8-gingerol indicate that it has promising potential for drug development. The molecular weight is moderate (322.44 g/mol), with a LogP value of 4.26, indicating good lipid solubility and membrane permeability. TPSA is 66.76 Ų, with 4 hydrogen bond acceptors, following the Lipinski rule and facilitating oral absorption. Toxicological evaluation showed no significant hepatotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, or genotoxicity, indicating a relatively high safety profile.
Pharmacokinetic studies have shown that 8-gingerol has good bioavailability after oral administration, effectively activating the TRPV1 receptor and exerting physiological effects. Its lower blood-brain barrier penetration reduces the risk of central nervous system side effects. The metabolic pathway mainly involves the liver enzyme system, with relatively stable metabolic products, and excretion mainly through bile and urine.
However, 8-gingerol has poor water solubility, limiting its bioavailability and in vivo distribution. In the future, pharmaceutical formulation improvements (such as nanocarriers and liposome encapsulation) are needed to enhance its pharmacokinetic performance.
Based on 8-gingerol's multi-target and multi-mechanism pharmacological activity, it shows broad application prospects across multiple disease fields:
Future research should focus on clinical safety evaluation, formulation optimization, and combination therapy strategies for 8-gingerol, while also deeply analyzing its molecular mechanisms to promote its translation from laboratory research to clinical application.
8-Scavengol, as a representative active ingredient in ginger, demonstrates a wide range of biological functions and promising pharmaceutical potential due to its unique chemical structure and diverse pharmacological activities. Its multiple mechanisms of action—antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, immunomodulatory, and cardioprotective—provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of various diseases. Although significant progress has been made in 8-gingerol research, its clinical application still faces challenges due to pharmacokinetic limitations and complex mechanisms.
In the future, it is necessary to strengthen systematic pharmacological research, preclinical safety evaluation, and formulation development of 8-gingerol, integrating modern medicinal chemistry and biotechnology methods to promote its clinical translation. It is believed that as research deepens, 8-gingerol will play an increasingly important role in natural product pharmacology and modern medicine.
Shenshuai
Wenjing
Hedandan
