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Product Name: Sennoside B
Synonym name: Tisasen B
Catalogue No.: BP1293
Cas No.: 128-57-4
Formula: C42H38O20
Mol Weight: 862.746
Botanical Source: senna
Purity: 95%~99%
Analysis Method: HPLC-DAD or/and HPLC-ELSD
Identification Method: Mass, NMR
Packing: Brown vial or HDPE plastic bottle
Can be supplied from milligrams to grams.
For Reference Standard and R&D, Not for Human Use Directly.
Inquire for bulk scale.
Description:
Sennoside B, a major purgative component, has a potential utility in the treatment of proliferative diseases, through inhibiting PDGF-stimulated cell proliferation by binding to PDGF-BB and its receptor and by down-regulating the PDGFR-beta signaling pathway. It and sennoside A also possess significant gastroprotective activities .
References:
Life Sci. 2009 Jun 19;84(25-26):915-22.
Sennoside B inhibits PDGF receptor signaling and cell proliferation induced by PDGF-BB in human osteosarcoma cells.
AIMS: To address the possibility that Sennoside B inhibition of cell proliferation is mediated via interference with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) signaling. MAIN METHODS: Human osteosarcoma MG63 cells were treated with PDGF in the presence or absence of Sennoside B. Activation of the PDGF signaling pathway was monitored using western immunoblotting with specific antibodies against the PDGF receptor, phosphotyrosine and components of the downstream signaling cascade. Activation of cell metabolism and proliferation was assessed by chromogenic reduction of MTT. KEY FINDINGS: Sennoside B was found to inhibit PDGF-BB-induced phosphorylation of the PDGF receptor (PDGFR) in human MG63 osteosarcoma cells. Downstream signaling was also affected; pre-incubation of PDGF-BB with Sennoside B inhibited the phosphorylation of pathway components including Ak strain To address the possibility that Sennoside Binhibition of cell proliferation is mediated via interference with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) signaling.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Human osteosarcoma MG63 cells were treated with PDGF in the presence or absence of Sennoside B. Activation of the PDGF signaling pathway was monitored using western immunoblotting with specific antibodies against the PDGF receptor, phosphotyrosine and components of the downstream signaling cascade. Activation of cell metabolism and proliferation was assessed by chromogenic reduction of MTT. Sennoside B was found to inhibit PDGF-BB-induced phosphorylation of the PDGF receptor (PDGFR) in human MG63 osteosarcoma cells. Downstream signaling was also affected; pre-incubation of PDGF-BB with Sennoside B inhibited the phosphorylation of pathway components including Ak strain transforming protein (AKT), signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT-5) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). Further, we found that Sennoside B can bind directly to the extracellular domains of both PDGF-BB and the PDGF-beta receptor (PDGFR-beta). The effect was specific for Sennoside B; other similar compounds including aloe-emodin, rhein and the meso isomer (sennoside A) failed to inhibit PDGFR activation or downstream signaling. Sennoside B also inhibited PDGF-BB stimulation of MG63 cell proliferation.
CONCLUSIONS:
These results indicate that Sennoside B can inhibit PDGF-stimulated cell proliferation by binding to PDGF-BB and its receptor and by down-regulating the PDGFR-beta signaling pathway. Sennoside B is therefore of potential utility in the treatment of proliferative diseases in which PDGF signaling plays a central role.
HPLC of Sennoside B
Storage conditions：Short-term storage at 2~8℃, long-term storage at -20 ~ -80℃
347.9600
.8278
-2.1039
.7029
.5243
.2275
Low
88.5186
5.4031
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
0.0
Yes
No
Yes
No
Sennoside B (CAS No. 128-57-4), as a natural product, has attracted widespread attention in pharmacological research in recent years due to its unique biological activity and potential medicinal value. Senna glycoside B is mainly found in plants such as senna leaves (Senna alexandrina) and has traditionally been used as a laxative with significant laxative effects. With the deepening development of molecular pharmacology, senna glycoside B not only shows good laxative effects but has also been found to inhibit the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) signaling pathway, demonstrating gastric protective and anti-inflammatory potential, especially showing significant value in research on gastritis-related diseases.
This review aims to systematically summarize the chemical structure and physicochemical properties of senna glycoside B, plant origin, and extraction methods, focusing on its pharmacological activity and mechanism of action, evaluating its druggability and pharmacokinetic characteristics, and exploring its clinical application prospects and future research directions, providing scientific reference for researchers in the field of natural product pharmacology.
Senna glycoside B is a bimolecular flavonoid glycoside with the molecular formula C42H38O20 and a molecular weight of 862.7460. Its structure is formed by connecting two anthraquinone units via glycosidic bonds, exhibiting typical anthraquinone glycoside characteristics. The LogP value of senna glycoside B is 0.8278, indicating moderate lipophilicity, which facilitates distribution and absorption in organisms. TPSA (Topological Polar Surface Area) reaches as high as 347.9600, indicating strong polarity, water solubility of 0.7029, moderate solubility, and favorable for oral administration.
From a pharmacokinetic perspective, senna glycoside B has relatively low blood-brain barrier penetration, suggesting a low risk of side effects in the central nervous system. The hERG channel inhibition test was negative, indicating a low risk of cardiotoxicity. The Ames-induced mutagenic test result was 0.0, indicating a low genotoxicity risk and a solid safety foundation.
Senna glycoside B is mainly found in senna leaves (Senna alexandrina), senna fruit (Senna obtusifolia), and related species. Senna is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine and Indian Ayurvedic medicine, mainly as a laxative. The content of senna glycoside B in plants is greatly affected by the planting environment, harvest time, and processing methods.
Common extraction methods include hot water extraction and alcohol-assisted ultrasound-assisted extraction. Hot water extraction is often used for industrial preparation due to its simplicity and high safety. After extraction, purification and quantitative analysis are performed using liquid chromatography (HPLC) technology to ensure stable quality and content of senna glycoside B. In recent years, the application of ultrasound-assisted extraction and microwave-assisted extraction technologies has improved extraction efficiency and purity, providing technical support for the large-scale production of senna glycoside B.
Senna glycoside B, as the main active ingredient in traditional laxatives, can promote intestinal peristalsis, increase water in the intestinal lumen, and improve constipation symptoms. Its bowel movement mechanism mainly involves regulating ion channels and aquaporins in intestinal epithelial cells, including CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conduction regulator), SLC9A3 (sodium hydrogen exchange protein 3), AQP3, AQP4, and AQP8 aquaporins. The regulation of these targets promotes intestinal juice secretion and water transport, enhancing the fluidity of intestinal contents.
Senna glycoside B has been found to be an effective oral PDGF inhibitor. PDGF and its receptor PDGFR-β play a key role in cell proliferation, migration, and tissue repair, with abnormal activation associated with various diseases such as fibrosis, tumors, and inflammation. Senna glycoside B can inhibit PDGF-BB-induced PDGFR-β phosphorylation, thereby downregulating signaling pathways such as STAT-5, AKT, and ERK, and suppressing cell proliferation and inflammatory responses.
Research shows that senna glycoside B has protective effects on the gastric mucosa and can reduce pathological damage from gastritis and gastric ulcers. Its mechanism may involve inhibiting the release of inflammatory factors, regulating oxidative stress, and promoting gastric mucosal repair. Senna glycoside B demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory and protective effects in gastritis models, suggesting its potential application value in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases.
The multi-target mechanism of senna glycoside B reflects its complex pharmacological activity. Its main targets and mechanisms are as follows:
PDGFR β signaling pathway inhibition
Senna glycoside B blocks downstream signaling by directly or indirectly inhibiting PDGF-BB-induced phosphorylation of PDGFR-β receptors. Inhibition of STAT-5, AKT, and ERK pathways leads to blocked cell proliferation and migration, exerting anti-fibrotic and antitumor effects.
Regulation of intestinal ion and water channels
By regulating CFTR and SLC9A3 ion channels, senna glycoside B promotes the secretion of chloride and sodium ions in the intestinal lumen and increases intestinal fluid secretion. The expression regulation of aquaporins AQP3, AQP4, and AQP8 promotes water transport and synergistically achieves a laxative effect.
Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects
Senna glycoside B can inhibit the release of inflammatory mediators, reduce oxidative stress damage, protect gastric mucosal cells, and promote tissue repair. These actions provide the molecular basis for its gastric protective activity.
Druggability evaluation of senna glycoside B indicates it has certain potential for drug development. Its large molecular weight (862.7460) and high TPSA suggest that oral absorption may be limited, but a moderate LogP value (0.8278) helps improve bioavailability. Moderate water solubility (0.7029), which is beneficial for formulation development.
The blood-brain barrier has low permeability, reducing the risk of central nervous system side effects. hERG channel inhibition was negative, indicating a lower risk of cardiotoxicity. The Ames test was negative, indicating a low genotoxicity risk and good safety.
Regarding pharmacokinetics, existing research is limited and requires further systematic evaluation of its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) characteristics. Given its high polarity and molecular weight, it may have incomplete intestinal absorption. In the future, its pharmacokinetic performance can be optimized through drug carriers or structural modifications.
Senna glycoside B, as the active ingredient in traditional laxatives, is widely recognized for its laxative effects. With deeper understanding of its molecular mechanisms, the prospects for senna glycoside B in gastrointestinal diseases have become even broader. Its PDGF inhibitory activity offers new approaches for treating gastritis, gastric ulcers, and related fibrotic diseases, especially showing potential in anti-inflammation and gastric mucosal protection.
Future research should focus on:
Additionally, the design and synthesis of derivatives based on the structure of senna glycoside B may provide an innovative platform for the development of novel gastrointestinal drugs.
As a natural product, senna glycoside B combines traditional medicinal value with modern pharmacological research potential. Its unique chemical structure gives it multiple biological activities, especially excelling in promoting bowel movements, anti-PDGF signaling, and gastric protection. Druggability evaluation shows it has a solid safety foundation, but its pharmacokinetic characteristics still need optimization.
In the future, as molecular mechanisms are further elucidated and clinical research advances, senna glycoside B is expected to become an important natural drug candidate molecule in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. By comprehensively utilizing modern drug development technologies, the development of senna glycoside B and its derivatives will bring new breakthroughs to the pharmacology and clinical treatment of natural products.
Shenshuai
Wenjing
Hedandan
