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Product name: Cyanidin chloride
Synonym name: Cyanidine; Cyanidol chloride
Catalogue No.: BP0429
Cas No.: 528-58-5
Formula: C15H11ClO6
Mol Weight: 322.697
Botanical Source: Black Rice
Physical Description:
Type of Compound: Anthocyanins
Purity: 95%~99%
Analysis Method: HPLC-DAD or/and HPLC-ELSD
Identification Method: Mass, NMR
Packing: Brown vial or HDPE plastic bottle
Storage: Store in a well closed container, protected from air and light. Put into refrigerate or freeze for long term storage.
Whenever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20℃. Generally, these will be useable for up to two weeks.
The product could be supplied from milligrams to grams
Inquire for bulk scale.
Description:
Cyanidin Chloride, the main phenolic antioxidant in the grape (Vitis vinifera), in particular in the liposomal forms, could be used for treatment of diabetes mellitus complications. It has a dual effect on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis, exhibits therapeutic potential in prevention of osteoclasts related bone disorders.
References:
Biochem Pharmacol. 1996 Oct 11;52(7):1033-9.
Inhibition of lipid peroxidation and the active oxygen radical scavenging effect of anthocyanin pigments isolated from Phaseolus vulgaris L.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
No attention has been paid to anthocyanin pigments from the viewpoint of inhibitors of lipid peroxidation and scavengers of active oxygen radicals; therefore, we investigated the antioxidative, radical scavenging, and inhibitory effects on lipid peroxidation by UV light irradiation of three anthocyanin pigments, pelargonidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside (P3G), cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside (C3G), and delphinidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside (D3G), isolated from the Phaseolus vulgaris L. seed coat, and their aglycons, pelargonidin chloride (Pel), Cyanidin Chloride (Cy), and delphinidin chloride (Del).
CONCLUSIONS:
All pigments had strong antioxidative activity in a liposomal system and reduced the formation of malondialdehyde by UVB irradiation. On the other hand, the extent of antioxidative activity in a rat liver microsomal system and the scavenging effect of hydroxyl radicals (-OH) and superoxide anion radicals (O2-) were influenced by their own structures.
Planta Med. 2013 Nov;79(17):1599-604.
Treatment of diabetes in the mouse model by delphinidin and cyanidin hydrochloride in free and liposomal forms.
Cyanidin Chloride and delphinidin are the main phenolic antioxidants in the grape (Vitis vinifera). The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro and in vivo inhibitory effects of delphinidin and Cyanidin Chloride in the free and liposomal forms on the albumin glycation reaction.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Delphinidin and Cyanidin Chlorides were encapsulated in the liposomes using an extrusion method. The rate of albumin glycation was evaluated using the ELISA method. Finally, in vivo anti-glycation of delphinidin and Cyanidin Chloride in the free and liposomal forms in diabetic mice was investigated. The encapsulation efficacies of delphinidin and Cyanidin Chloride in the liposomes were 89.05 % ± 0.18 and 85.00 % ± 0.15, respectively. In vitro treatment with 100 mg/mL delphinidin and Cyanidin Chloride in free forms could reduce the rate of albumin glycation to 30.50 ± 3.46 and 46.00 ± 2.50 %, respectively. Under identical conditions, the delphinidin and Cyanidin Chloride-loaded liposomes could reduce the rate of albumin glycation to 8.50 ± 2.10 and 14.60 ± 3.60 %, respectively. In vivo testing showed that anti-glycation activity of delphinidin and cyanidin in loaded forms was higher than in free forms. The daily administration of 100 mg/kg delphinidin chloride-loaded liposomes to diabetic mice at eight weeks could decrease the rate of albumin and HbA1c glycation to 46.35 ± 1.20 and 3.60 ± 0.25 %, respectively. Moreover, under identical conditions, the loaded liposomes with Cyanidin Chloride could decrease the rate of albumin and HbA1c glycation to 55.56 ± 1.32 and 4.95 ± 0.20 %, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS:
The findings showed that delphinidin and Cyanidin Chloride, in particular in the liposomal forms, could be used for treatment of diabetes mellitus complications.
HPLC of Cyanidin chloride
HNMR of Cyanidin chloride
Storage conditions：Short-term storage at 2~8℃, long-term storage at -20 ~ -80℃
136.2600
.1900
No
No
No
No
Unknown
No
Unknown
Cyanidin chloride (CAS number: 528-58-5), an important derivative of anthocyanins, has attracted significant attention in recent years due to its remarkable biological activity. Anthocyanins are water-soluble polyphenolic pigments naturally found in various plants, widely found in berries, cherries, purple cabbage, and other foods, and possess excellent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and cardiovascular protective effects. As a subclass of anthocyanins, cyanide chloride shows potential application value in antioxidant damage, bone metabolism regulation, and tumor suppression due to its unique chemical structure and biological activity.
This review aims to systematically summarize the chemical structure and physicochemical properties of cyanide chloride, its plant origin, and extraction methods, focusing on its pharmacological activity and mechanism of action, and, combined with druggability evaluation, explores its clinical application prospects, providing a theoretical foundation and reference for subsequent natural product pharmacology research and new drug development.
The molecular formula of cyanide chloride is C15H11ClO6, with a molecular weight of 302.69. Its structural core is the typical anthocyanin skeleton, which is a tricyclic structure formed by the phenylpropane structure and benzene ring connected by C3 carbon. The molecule of cyanide chloride contains multiple hydroxyl groups (-OH) and one chlorine atom, giving it strong polarity and hydrophilicity. Its topological pole surface area (TPSA) is 136.26, indicating a high number of hydrogen bond receptors (9), which significantly affects its binding ability to biomacromolecules and its biological activity.
The LogP value was 0.19, indicating low lipid solubility and good water solubility, consistent with typical physicochemical characteristics of anthocyanin compounds. This compound does not easily cross the blood-brain barrier, suggesting that its main target may be limited to peripheral tissues. Additionally, cyantheran chloride exhibits low risks of hepatotoxicity and cardiotoxicity in vivo and does not inhibit hERG channels, indicating good safety.
Cyanide chloride is widely found in various anthocyanin-rich plants, especially in the genus Centaurea (Centaurea spp.), berries (such as blueberries, blackberries, raspberries), and purple vegetables (such as purple cabbage). Its naturally occurring form is mostly glycoside bound, while cyanocylin chloride exists as a salt in plant cell sap and is relatively stable.
The extraction method for cyanide chloride mainly relies on aqueous organic solvents, such as ethanol-water or methanol-water mixed solvent systems, supplemented by acidic conditions (such as adding small amounts of hydrochloric acid or citric acid) to stabilize the anthocyanin structure. Common extraction techniques include ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) purification. During extraction, attention must be paid to controlling temperature and pH to prevent anthocyanin degradation and structural transformation.
As a natural antioxidant, cythalocyl chloride can effectively eliminate free radicals and reduce cell damage caused by oxidative stress. In vitro studies have shown that it has the ability to scavenge hydroxyl radicals, superoxide anions, and hydrogen peroxide, significantly enhancing the activity of intracellular antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX). In animal models, cyathylin chloride can activate the NFE2L2/NRF2 signaling pathway, inducing the expression of downstream antioxidant genes (such as HMOX1 and SOD2), enhancing the body's antioxidant defense system and reducing pathological progression of oxidative damage-related diseases.
Multiple studies have confirmed that cyanide chloride has antitumor activity, manifesting as inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, and suppressing tumor metastasis. Its mechanism involves regulating cell cycle-related proteins, activating mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathways, and inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory and tumor promoters. Additionally, cyanide chloride can enhance the sensitivity of chemotherapy drugs, demonstrating its potential as an adjunct anticancer agent.
The role of cymethrin chloride in bone metabolism is receiving increasing attention. It regulates bone remodeling by inhibiting osteoclast formation and activity, reducing the absorption of hydroxyapatite. Specific mechanisms include inhibiting RANKL-induced expression of osteoclast marker genes, blocking the NF-κB signaling pathway, and reducing bone resorption, showing potential for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.
The multi-target mechanism of cyanide chloride is the basis for its pharmacological diversity. Its main targets include:
Additionally, cyanide chloride may also participate in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metabolic regulation by modulating signaling pathways such as MAPK and PI3K/Akt.
The druggability parameters of cyanide chloride indicate good safety and biocompatibility. A moderate molecular weight (302.69) and low LogP value (0.19) indicate good water solubility, which is beneficial for oral absorption. A high TPSA value (136.26) and a high number of hydrogen bond receptors (9) suggest limited membrane permeability and difficulty crossing the blood-brain barrier, making it suitable for targeting peripheral tissues.
Toxicological evaluation showed that cylindrine chloride showed no significant hepatotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, or hERG channel inhibition, and its safety was relatively high. Ames-induced mutagenic assay data are still unclear, and further experiments are needed to verify its genotoxicity risk.
In terms of pharmacokinetics, anthocyanins generally suffer from low bioavailability and rapid metabolism. Cyanide chloride is mainly metabolized in the liver through the liver, forming various metabolic products that are easily degraded by gut microbes. In the future, formulation optimization (such as nanocarriers and liposome encapsulation) will be needed to enhance stability and bioavailability.
With its multiple biological activities, cycharanin chloride demonstrates broad clinical application potential. Its application prospects are particularly prominent in antioxidant damage-related diseases (such as cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative diseases), osteoporosis, and tumor treatment.
Future research should focus on the following aspects:
As a natural anthocyanin compound with significant antioxidant and anticancer activity, cyanocylin chloride demonstrates promising drug development potential and clinical application prospects due to its multi-target and multi-mechanism pharmacological properties. Although its pharmacokinetic properties and clinical research still have certain limitations, with continuous advances in extraction and purification technologies and drug delivery systems, cyanocytain chloride is expected to become an important research subject in the field of natural product pharmacology and a strong candidate for new drug development. Future systematic research will further advance it from the laboratory to clinical applications, benefiting human health.
Shenshuai
Wenjing
Hedandan
