Product name: Balanophonin, (+)-
Synonym name:
Catalogue No.: BP3633
Cas No.: 215319-47-4
Formula: C₂₀H₂₀O₆
Mol Weight: 356.374
Botanical Source:
Type of Compound:

Purity: 95%~99%
Analysis Method: HPLC-DAD or/and HPLC-ELSD
Identification Method: Mass, NMR
Packing: Brown vial or HDPE plastic bottle

Storage: Store in a well closed container, protected from air and light. Put into refrigerate or freeze for long term storage.
Whenever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20℃. Generally, these will be useable for up to two weeks.

The product could be supplied from milligrams to grams
Inquire for bulk scale.

For Reference Standard and R&D, Not for Human Use Directly.

Storage conditions：Short-term storage at 2~8℃, long-term storage at -20 ~ -80℃

Introduction/Overview

Dextrorotatory Balanophonin ((+)-, CAS No.: 215319-47-4) is a natural product derived from plants in the Coupeliaceae family, and has attracted widespread attention in recent years for its remarkable anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. As a distyrene lignan compound with multiple biological activities, dextroxamethinine shows unique potential in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and tumors. Its main mechanism involves inhibiting microglial activation, thereby reducing neuroinflammation and apoptosis, while exerting anticancer effects in malignant tumors such as lymphoma by regulating multiple key molecular targets. This paper aims to systematically review the chemical structure, origin, pharmacological activity, mechanism of action, and druggability evaluation of dextrorotatory ginseng, explore its clinical application prospects, and provide a theoretical basis for subsequent research and development.

Chemical structure and physicochemical properties

Dextroxa is a lignan compound, with the molecular formula C20H20O6 and a molecular weight of 356.3740. Its structural features include two benzene rings connected by ethylene bridges, and the molecule contains multiple hydroxyl and methoxy groups, giving it good polarity and bioactivity. The LogP value of dextrorotatory hesibis is 2.5141, indicating moderate lipid solubility, which facilitates cell membrane penetration and distribution in vivo. The topological pole surface area (TPSA) is 85.2200, indicating that it has certain polarity and helps bind with biomacromolecules. Its low water solubility (0.0793 mg/mL) suggests limited solubility in the aqueous phase, but its high lipid solubility and high blood-brain barrier permeability give it advantages in treating neurological diseases. The hERG channel inhibition test was negative, indicating a low risk of cardiotoxicity; The Ames test was 0.0, indicating no significant genotoxicity and good safety.

Plant Origins and Extraction Methods

Dextrorotatory Serpentine is mainly found in plants of the Couplassidae family, especially the rhizomes and stems of the genus Balanophora spp. Ophiopus plants are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and have traditionally been used in folk medicine to treat various diseases. Common methods for extracting dextrorotatory serpentine include solvent extraction and column chromatography separation. Ethanol or methanol is generally used as extraction solvents, and ultrasound-assisted extraction is used to improve extraction efficiency. After concentration, the extract was purified using silica gel column chromatography and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), ultimately yielding high-purity dextrocarpine (Venus serpentine). In recent years, the application of supercritical fluid extraction and membrane separation technologies has also provided new ideas for improving extraction efficiency and purity.

Pharmacological activity research

Anti-inflammatory activity

Research on dextrorotatory ginine in anti-inflammatory studies shows that it can significantly inhibit the activation of microglia. Microglia, as immune cells of the central nervous system, are overly activated as a key pathological process in various neurodegenerative diseases. Dextrogenacetin reduces the expression of pro-inflammatory factors (such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6), lowers oxidative stress levels, alleviates neuroinflammatory responses, and protects neurons from inflammation-mediated damage. Additionally, dextrogena can regulate the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway, inhibiting the transcriptional activity of inflammatory genes.

Anticancer activity

In the field of oncology, dextrogenus sabin has shown significant inhibitory effects on lymphoma cells. Its anti-cancer mechanism involves inducing tumor cell apoptosis, blocking cell cycle progression, and inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and migration. In vitro experiments show that dextrogenus cybranine can regulate several key molecular targets related to lymphoma, including the anti-apoptotic proteins MCL1 and BCL2, the cell cycle regulator CDC25B, as well as signal transduction factors STAT3 and NF-κB. Additionally, dextrocarphalin can activate the tumor suppressor protein TP53, promoting the initiation of the apoptosis pathway and enhancing its anti-cancer effect.

Neuroprotective effects

Dextro-Seren Ginine demonstrates potential neuroprotective effects by inhibiting microglia-induced apoptosis and alleviating neurodegenerative changes. By regulating neuronal survival-related signaling pathways, it reduces neuroinflammation and oxidative damage, delaying neurological function decline. Animal model studies have shown that dextrorotatory covenus can improve cognitive impairment and alleviate symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's.

Mechanism of action and molecular targets

The mechanism of action of dextroxab is complex, involving regulation of multiple signaling pathways and molecular targets. In terms of anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects, dextroserranin mainly works by inhibiting microglial activation, blocking the NF-κB signaling pathway, reducing the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, lowering oxidative stress levels, and preventing neuronal apoptosis.

In its anticancer effects, the key regulatory targets of dextrancyxinen include:

• MCL1 and BCL2: These two anti-apoptotic proteins play important roles in tumor cell survival. Dextrorotatory Cylindrine promotes apoptosis by downregulating its expression.
• CDC25B: A cell cycle regulatory factor, dextroxachlorinin inhibits its activity, blocks cell cycle progression, and suppresses tumor cell proliferation.
• STAT3: Involved in tumor cell growth and immune escape; dextrogenace inhibits phosphorylation and blocks signal transduction.
• NF-κB (NFKB1): regulates inflammation and cell survival gene expression; dextroseraban inhibits its activation and promotes tumor cell apoptosis.
• TP53: tumor suppressor protein, dextroserin, activates TP53-mediated apoptotic pathways.
• PTPRC, RXRB, MAPT, CDKN2A: involved in cell signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, and cell cycle regulation. Dextrogenace spider exerts anti-tumor effects through multi-target synergistic effects.

These multi-target mechanisms highlight the advantages of dextrocarphalin as a multifunctional natural product, laying the foundation for its application in the treatment of complex diseases.

Druggability evaluation and pharmacokinetics

The druggability parameters of dextrorotatory snake gu ning indicate that it has promising potential for drug development. A molecular weight of 356.3740 complies with the Lipinski rule, and a LogP value of 2.5141 indicates moderate lipid solubility, which is beneficial for membrane permeability and tissue distribution. TPSA is 85.2200, suitable for oral absorption. Water solubility is relatively low, suggesting the need to improve solubility through pharmaceutical formulation technology to enhance bioavailability.

Its high blood-brain barrier permeability is a key advantage in treating neurological diseases, effectively targeting central nervous system targets. hERG channel inhibition test negative, reducing the risk of cardiotoxicity. The Ames test was negative, indicating no significant mutagenicity and relatively high safety.

Currently, pharmacokinetic research on dextrorotatory ginine is relatively limited. Preliminary data indicate that it is well absorbed orally, widely distributed in the body, and its metabolic pathway mainly involves hepatic enzyme systems, with excretion primarily via bile and urine. Future research is needed to systematically study its metabolic kinetic characteristics, drug interactions, and long-term toxicological evaluation.

Prospects and outlooks for clinical applications

Dextrocarpoxa gining, with its anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and neuroprotective activities, demonstrates broad clinical application prospects. Its potential applications in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, based on its mechanism of inhibiting microglial activation and neuroinflammation, may offer new strategies for diseases currently lacking effective treatments.

In the field of tumor treatment, especially lymphoma, dextroxachlorophylaxis regulates tumor cell survival and proliferation through multiple targets, showing potential as an adjunct or combination therapy. In the future, targeted therapy and immunotherapy can be combined to enhance treatment outcomes and reduce the risk of drug resistance.

However, the clinical translation of dextrogenal cymbal still faces challenges, including improving water solubility and bioavailability, clarifying pharmacokinetics and safety, and optimizing administration regimens. Multidisciplinary collaboration to conduct systematic preclinical and clinical research will be key to advancing its clinical application.

Additionally, the design and synthesis of derivatives based on the structure of dextroproxamin are expected to yield more efficient and safer candidate drugs, expanding their indications.

Conclusion

As a natural product with significant anti-inflammatory and anticancer activity, dextro-serpentine shows broad application prospects in neurodegenerative diseases and tumor treatment due to its unique chemical structure and multi-target mechanism. Its excellent druggability parameters and safety provide favorable conditions for drug development. In the future, its pharmacological mechanisms, pharmacokinetics, and preclinical research should be strengthened to promote its clinical translation. At the same time, by integrating modern drug design and formulation technologies, it optimizes drug performance, promotes dextrogenoxinen and its derivatives into innovative drugs, and provides new solutions for the treatment of related diseases.